Medical Mecca - China
0 foreword
Famous periodical is in great majority when paper of science and technology is published, ask to undertake to document mark is brought, its purpose depends on showing document content trait adequately, be helpful for bringing into retrieve a system, convenient other is searched and use. But because document indexing itself has regularity and certain scientific sex, method sex, the choice mistake that mark makes a statement or mark bring matched stack undeserved, can affect the play of paper action. Accordingly, what we bring according to sign of paper of science and technology is general and regular, union carries out experience, a few holding respects answer in summarizing sign of paper of medical science and technology to bring.
1 theme analysis and mark make a point
1.1 thesises topic analyses the thematic analysis of document, it is the first link that mark leaves the job. So-called theme is analysed even if undertake concentrated to the content of every document and clou, abstraction, and the process that analyses thematic structure. Of the analysis will affect document indexing and retrieval result correctly directly. The analysis of document wants the retrieval of base oneself upon at document, the retrieval of mature user asks, analyse the thematic idea with practical to the user make choice of, not only the range that wants bisect analyse, deepness should keep consistent with document content, and even mature the comprehensive sex that analyses to the theme, point to a gender only, utmost ground satisfies the requirement that retrieves a system, specific means is: Careful reads document content. Should accomplish anthology the word is accurate, show the trait of inside and outside of document adequately, must undertake to document careful is read. Careful reads document the content such as the crosshead with a name, abstract of basis document, brief introduction, introductive, conclusion, referenced material and normally medium article, italics, bold-face, chart, data. Avoid by all means is broken according to a calling card of name or book of document only undertake an analysis, because have name or a title of one part document,this is cannot or the content that can generalize a document not completely, have even be likened to, avoid mentioning, ask in reply, homonymous wait for means. Not be all document of course should cast name or a title, certain and professional magazine and name or a monographic autograph be to pass serious deliberate protocol, also can represent the main content of the article, can try according to different document content make choice of.
1.2 firm bid bring a point to read each parts of the paper to answer through serious careful the mark of establish paper makes a point, so that prepare to choose a word accurately, its mark brings the connotation of the point to answer demarcate is in: The treatise of the paper key. The person that the retrieval of final conclusion article should draft on disparate arrangement of ideas is likely check arrives a content way of a paper; This piece the paper formulates what new argument, new technology and new method. The thematic essentials that wants mark to bring is the substantial content that discusses in the article, should not figure with the author and imagine to allow; The course from document and stylistic will judge should use what kind of subject indexing principle and matched stack principle, it is topical, talk each, of the foundation, clinical, of the experiment, humanitarian still, geographical, of medicaments etc, the relation of these concepts how, it is relevant, appurtenant, of the influence, still be cause and effect, Jie fights wait, what feature and label appear to be able to mirror those who give this paper adequately to retrieve a difference in document, the respect should make main mark bring from what, what should do less important mark to bring, what do not want mark to bring.
Mark of concept of 2 thesises topic is brought
The mark of 2.1 main ideas brings the mark of main idea is the notional bid that raises in the light of the central problem of the article is brought. The theme is author concentrated force the main idea that the quantity wants to convey, but the thing that author place discusses is not is a theme. Be like: The place in the paper mentions the research of forefathers, introduce sexual specification, temporarily idea and setting is not the research target with real implied meaning. In general main mark is brought is the key that the article discusses, it is the purpose that the author discusses and object, the commonnest in medical domain is: The task that each course or professional knowledge basically discuss medical; The immediate goal that some kind of experiment research and result; The precaution of clinical disease, diagnose, the important step such as cure, method and innovation; The more content that the length in an article occupies, although space is not much, but material is new, have creative idea and care for reader place, in addition the idea that the regulation in still including word watch and mark to cite regulation should bring as main mark.
The bid that the mark of 2.2 less important concepts makes less important concept is brought often be brought as matched stack mark or deputy subject indexing. The blame key argument that the idea that brings as less important mark commonly is a paper more and concept, belong to concept of brim sex theme, the carrier that basically includes to study for some kind purpose place is offerred, condition, method and method, for instance: The chemical and revulsive, isotope of the disease is mark, artificial build fistula to wait therapeutic mentioned medicaments the form of a drug, dosage, change formulary type to wait; Certain retrieval the diagnostic word of a requirement, be like: Type of place name, times, document, language, mankind (sexual distinction, age) , animal (be like bandicoot, small rat, dog, cat) etc and the word that the regulation in word watch should regard less important mark as to bring.
2.3 blame mark brings a concept to bring an idea as the blame mark that appears in the paper basically is the groovy technology that in pointing to those papers, mentions, everybody is hep but did not add discussion thing; Be like: An article that diagnoses about heart disease, the heart report draw that mentioned convention writes down art, the problem such as groovy microscope application was mentioned in histology and cytology, it is a few ideas that have demonstrative words printed or written words next, be like " fight tumor antibiotic actinomyces element D " , its " resist tumor antibiotic " it is demonstrative sex concept namely, main idea should be " actinomyces element D " some kind of idea that discuss or matures not quite was not added in article namely again, if an article about amino acid is medium, mention some to plant new, did not add the amino acid that confirm; Clinical go up the not apparent symptom that forms adventitious of a kind of change group, already can be not had to retrieve the concept of value by what theme or notional matched stack generalize, the outside and the inside that reach a term or mark bring the idea that mark does not make bring in regulation, cannot come as thematic word mark is brought.
The choice of 3 themes word and matched stack
After word of 3.1 thesises topic chooses to cite notional establishment when paper sign, it is choice theme word next. Choosing thematic word basically is to be concept of proper expression theme. The information content of a paper, whether can choose a few appropriate theme statements to come to accurate and comprehensive ground expression comes out, this also is one of fundamental conditions that assure to achieve higher utilization rate, and what phraseology is thematic word, what phraseology is not thematic word, which one concept uses word of which one theme (or the matched stack of word of which a few themes) will convey, must have very specific provision, do not send cause a disorder, the retrieval that makes thematic word system keeps taller efficiency. This asks use theme word is expressed, thematic word watch made strict provision to thematic word. Tell namely, mark cites the word must be the formal theme word in word watch, and the book is written the form should express medium expressive form to agree completely with the word; Mark cites the word must choose a word above all in the watch most of suit document theme show statement label is brought only, must not choose its to go up commonly a word or issue a statement label to bring. When degree of equal theme word pointing to only in be being expressed when the word, choose 2 (use 3 possibly also sometimes) the directest go up a word or close the justice word, most relevant thematic statement label is brought. Should use a theme word or close justice statement label is brought improper also when, can add at going up with a natural phraseology a theme demarcate is made after the word, or supplementary new term.
The matched stack of word of 3.2 thesises topic is in the document indexing process that uses document theme accidence, the theme of the majority needs to use matched stack method to convey. Matched stack is use two or phrase of two above theme closes to voice theme of a document, the method that matchs with thematic phrase will voice document theme, can control a vocabulary, with a few calculated word of theme of make choice of can convey many document theme idea namely, but if matched stack is undeserved, can cause an error, reduce the use efficiency of the paper, accordingly, the matched stack mark with the bigger difficulty with Baconian the most commonly used medical literature brings mode to have the following kinds: Cause B disease when A disease, after A disease complication of matched stack ／ , pathogeny of matched stack ／ learns after B disease, and because usually serves as main mark,cause disease bring. Matched stack mode: Complication of A disease ／ , pathogeny of B disease ／ learns. Exist at the same time when A disease and B disease, but not demonstrate mutual causal when, after two diseases of A, B with ／ complication matched stack. Matched stack mode: Complication of A disease ／ , complication of B disease ／ . Exemple: Disease of eye bend body is intercurrent trachoma, mark brings: Trachoma ／ complication. Arched body is ill, eye ／ complication. Some organ organizes those who reach a cell to anatomize a structure below disease state, matched stack mode: Disease ／ pathology, organ (organization. Cell) ／ pathology. What here and ／ pathology matched stack point to is with normal organ structure different, clarify only the synonymous language that of the organization is not a disease and pronoun. When should carrying out some kind of disease that some kind treats a technology and produces, matched stack mode: Disease ／ pathogeny learns, the technology is operated (physical action agent) ／ side-effect, exemple: Caesarean birth art causes cystic vagina fistula, mark brings: Pathogeny of ／ of cystic vagina fistula learns; Side-effect of Caesarean birth ／ . Depart of organ of the Cong Mou below circumstance of some kind of disease gives pattern of matched stack of some kind of pathogen: Disease ／ microbiology, organic ／ microbiology, pathogen ／ depart and extract. Below circumstance of some kind of disease, the some organ metabolization to some medicine or chemical material: Matched stack mode: Disease ／ metabolizes, organic ／ metabolizes, medicaments or chemical material ／ metabolize, if the late iodine of kidney of thyroid disease patient changes intention, mark brings: Thyroid disease ／ metabolizes, kidney ／ metabolizes, iodic ／ metabolizes, altogether that is to say article piece the union that appears in the name, destroy, fission, change, degradation, mix into is entered, combination, bring into play, release, store transmit, change, use, absorb, hydrolysis, oxidation, go methylic change, take off carboxyl to change, cremate, ester is changed, . The qualitative or quantitative analysis of some kind of inside some organ chemical material below some disease state: Matched stack mode: Chemistry of ／ of disease ／ metabolization, organ, medicaments or chemical material ／ are analysed. Of content of the sodium in kidney of patient of hypertension of the sex that be like kidney determine, mark brings: ／ of chemistry of ／ of ／ metabolization, kidney, natrium analyses kidney sex hypertension.
Anyhow, sign of paper of science and technology is brought is journal publication standardization and standardization place requirement, mark cites the actor of low quality that the word chooses, what mark brings the mattered to journal quality correctly directly discretion of means and paper vitality is strong weak, such as " Science " , " Nature " , " SCI " , " BA " , " CA " etc large journal rises with what retrieve a system to take mark seriously to cite quality very much, be familiar with mark adequately to make the rule only, master mark to bring skill, ability raises mark to cite quality.
Bibliographical reference:
[1] Zhang Qi jade, liu Xiang is unripe. Word of Chinese classification theme expresses a tutorial [M] . Beijing: Beijing Hua Yi press, 1994:6～ 11.
[2] Zhao Xinglie. Medical literature subject indexing [M] . Beijing: Library of capital college of medicine, 1985:9～ 14.
[3] Bai Shumin, li Jian. Mark of commonly used matched stack makes mode and rule in medical literature retrieval [J] . Library communication, 1997;6(2):41 ～ 42.
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