Optimize scientific research selection of subject, raise breathing medical to study a level

Dina Martina - Medical College Commercial

an experience sex from March 14 contribute of minor literary works arrives " China n/med tuberculosis and breathing magazine " later revise through making a round trip twice, this magazine suggestion agreed to publish a few days ago. In final version allegedly the experts on the meeting produced greater debate, this is expected issue; After the article is published, believe to will more people can have different view, this also is normal phenomenon. If really publish, this will be the article of a Chinese of the only that we publish in 2008 year, had not seen the hope that can express an article in domestic magazine 2009 at present. The modification that is an article below stalks of grain.

Optimize scientific research selection of subject, raise breathing medicine to study a level

Guangxi medical university breathes disease institute
Xie Zunhua
Shi Huanzhong

" China n/med tuberculosis and breathing magazine " (abbreviation " magazine " ) become monthly magazine at changing from bimonthly 1998, 1998 ～ 2007 " magazine " published research sex paper (assemble of treatise, short story treatise, experience) add up to 2339, have 372 about the paper of tuberculosis among them, after we chase a 1967 blame tubercular that read the rest to breathe a disease to research a thesis, summary gives the following experience.

From the graph 1 (see textual) can see, scientific research selection of subject basically covered the common disease that breathes medical domain and frequently-occurring disease, the paper of 3 kinds of diseases such as disease of lung of sex of tracheal asthma, chronic block and lung cancer occupies its medium-counts 50.9% of paper gross. We also notice, same disease of common also a few breath is couldn‘t get take seriously duely, occupy only like pleural disease 5.1% . Our country with a vast territory, the difference of hair sick condition of disease of each district breath is bigger, each have distinguishing feature. A course perhaps breathes family doctor to should choose some to plant according to actual condition the disease regards relatively fixed research as the object. Combining oneself job to participate the research of a few heat is very natural thing, but be in without necessary everybody same level follows suit squeeze in certain " modern " task.

We are with asthmatic research exemple, inspect home to breathe the administrative levels of course medicine scientific research and angle. In researching 393 asthmatic thesises, the animal research to be 177 (45.0% ) , among them 163 are the research inside body. Overall and character, major animal research the scientific research design of the paper is simpler, basically OK and wraparound for: 10 several Guinea pig, bandicoot small perhaps rat is divided into a certain number of groups randomly, among them one group is contrast normally group, one group is asthmatic group, group or another array are group of processing element working, observe each groups of afore-mentioned animals one plant or the change of a variety of observation index, make variance analysis of a many element next, this was over. Some research are more simple, have 2 groups of animals only, one group is asthmatic group, another group to contrast, next cell of the inflammation in fluid of lavement of computation bronchus pulmonary alveolus or the inflammation cell amount in section of tissue of lung of the computation below microscope, applied immunity systematism learns a method to detect the level that albumen of some kind of index conveys, perhaps add technology of applied element biology to detect the level that this index MRNA conveys. In these research, great majority observes a phenomenon only, do not discuss a mechanism, do not talk to go up too much innovation and development. Same research unit many relevant research paper is a face only almost roll out, less dotted is broken through. That is to say, same scientific research thinking and case of true proved recipe change element of a kind of processing (medicaments) draw up again a paper.

As a result of conditional limitation, the researcher heretofore of our country has an opportunity to use rarely turn gene perhaps knocks gene small rat to discuss some to plant element or signal access sends interpretation of the cause to control medium function in asthma, advanced level still has the basic research that this is us and international one of main reasons of very big difference. To remedy this one flaw, can try to use relevant antibody inject animal in certain research, the to observing norm influence after observing to some kind of element closes inside body, the experiment outside also can designing appropriate system undertakes block breaks the research of some kind of element. Anyhow, observe the phenomenon, basic research that does not discuss a mechanism is not to cannot be done only, but unfavorable do too much, because value is very finite.

In 216 papers that are research target with human asthma patient (55.0% ) in, involve clinical scope (diagnose, cure and educational management) paper amount to is very little, have 31 only (take paper of this part asthma 14.4% ) . The experiment outside considering to be centered in body, serum perhaps enrages great majority of medium of some kind of inflammation in the specimen detect, sex of gene much condition and asthma come on dependency these " short, smooth, fast " on research project (graph 2, see textual) . These circumstances mirror an our country to show level scientific research to evaluate system and mode of medical talent education to existing directly apparent malpractice. For example says, almost all scientific research units talk a hero with the article, and go after an amount not to pay attention to quality only; Although advert " quality " also be to point to the magazine that publishs a paper, is not paper itself. More severe case is, the SCI paper that at least 1 must publish during a lot of universities ask doctoral research student is learning (the factor of influence that some universities still ask to publish paper magazine must check the number of prep above some) , do not grant to the paper rejoins and research otherwise. Can conclude by common sense this kind of regulation is very unscientific, unreasonable easy to doly only. The time that needs to spend half an year to come 1 year normally after enter a school of a research student learns academic knowledge in fundamental ministry, the 2nd or the 3rd semester enters clinical section office to begin scientific research work. Need usually at least the time of half an year is familiar with project setting and experimental condition. The basic research job of a high quality needs to expend normally 1 to 2 years of longer even time, after studying the task is finished, write into the paper to want to await commonly 6 publish in gravity to 12 months ability on regular professional science magazine. A research student although the directive teacher that division is full of scientific research experience and good science foundation from, chose proper research task at the beginning, begin the work smoothly according to the scientific research course that decides formerly, get expectant experimental result, adroitly compose becomes scientific paper, accomplish not easily during study of 3 years. That is to say, the research student falls in normal circumstance, the research paper that has innovation sex truly cannot be published before graduation. The immediate consequence of these unreasonable regulations is the research student must duplicate the work that had completed before abroad is old, reach finally early knew " insurance sex " conclusion, this is meaningless waste.

Since 1998 " magazine " the record high of about proof test clinical research paper that publishs every year has 5 only (2000) , 2007 criterion 1 also is done not have, 10 years in all 26 (1.3% ) . Although be among 26 papers of this trifling, great majority still is put in apparent blemish. For example, show diagnostic level have 13 only, only 4 bring into a standard clearly, only 1 eliminates a level clearly, selected case of illness accords with the paper of diagnostic gold standard to have 2 only. Offer susceptibility and distinctive spent paper number is respectively 18 mix 17; Very regretful is, only 3 papers are offerred suffer curve of feature of job of the person that try, and the data that the diagnostic sex that sufferring curve of feature of job of the person that try is a standard research the paper is indispensable.

Study the one part of the task as series, detect some plants the disease in clinical specimen the chroma of solubility medium is necessary, but cannot pure to publish an article often do the work with such photograph simpler contrast, although was done, also should notice as far as possible outspread, and cannot keep the view in " detect –t examines " the level. In a research [1] , the author accumulates the Bai Jiesu in fluid to understand thorax (IL) - the meaning of 16, besides detect the chroma of the IL-16 in thorax accumulating fluid and serum analyses its and lymphocyte of all sorts of cells having a nucleus and T inferior group outside the relation between the amount, the thorax when still showing pleurisy accumulates fluid especially thorax of n/med tuberculosis sex accumulates chroma of the IL-16 in fluid the reason of remarkable heighten is IL-16 generation apparent increase, is not the IL-16 in serum permeates the cause that enters pleural antrum. The desirable place of this research still depends on, the author was designed outside covering put oneself in another‘s position, mix the experiment inside body, observe IL-16 changes active to the hasten of CD4+T lymphocyte, final proof IL-16 can arouse directly CD4+T lymphocyte infiltrates pleural antrum. The biggest drawback of this research is discussing thorax to accumulate the origin cell of the IL-16 in fluid at doing not have, do not have more discuss the condition that affects local IL-16 generation and mechanism. If complement these data, the quality of this research can rise further.

Respect of selection of subject of clinical scientific research the paper amount that another important insufficient part is remedial sex research is little, 10 years have 60 only (3.1% ) . These papers are diagnosing the standard, states a respect to existing to study with afore-mentioned diagnostic sexes the paper is similar issue that bring into and removes a standard, and the paper of high quality is not much, much center, before the thesis that look up sex researchs has 6 only; Be less than half the number (26) the paper accords with random sampling principle, only 6 use blind method, 1 uses parallel design, an across undertakes, 9 settings comfort an agent to contrast group.

Somebody thinks, the stand or fall that treats sexual research depends on not completely whether to use random in group, whether to use blind method, the key is to see research selection of subject have mix without clinical meaning scientific value, have without innovation sex. This kind of view is incorrect, we cannot stay in experience phase only. Must point out clearly, research paper should use the remedial sex of high quality to reach blind way in group randomly, return at the same time sure the other and basic principle that accords with clinical medicine scientific research, if contrast principle. Conditional when still should undertake Meta is analysed on the foundation here, only such ability provide the basis of abide card medicine, become the class A that establishs guideline of concerned sickness make a diagnosis and give treatment and B class witness. Otherwise, the verdict that general lookout gets can offer the attention that consult or causes people only, scientific value is not high.

As to " the key is to see research selection of subject have without clinical meaning and scientific value " , this is a quite obscure problem. Can so think, the clinical research that is aimed at any diseases includes to diagnose experiment and remedial test to have its clinical meaning. We believe very hard to be not passed abide by random, contrast, repeat and the scientific value that the principle of basic scientific research such as blind law has the result of research has real sense. To the understanding of innovation sex need has right idea, we hope the case below in order to will show this issue. The fine dissolvent such as kinase of catenary of the inject inside applied thorax treats pyothorax to there are many stories in early, observes result differs very big. 2005, maskell [2] reported one involves the much center that to England 52 research centers affect sexual pleurisy patient 430 times, double blind, random, clinical research that comforts an agent to contrast result, reach clearly " the rate of die in one‘s bed that catenary kinase injects to cannot reduce infection sex pleurisy inside thorax, cannot reduce operation chance, cannot shorten time of be in hospital " conclusion, subsequently Meta analysis got same conclusion [3] . Although this research is not to report first, but its " innovation sex " and clinical value is self-evident.

Of course, the remedial sex that emphasizes firm sense research and differ flavour repels clinical case of illness is analysed. The summary that is like rare case below certain characteristic condition, report that breaks out communal and wholesome time, the paper of clinical observation sex has its irreplaceable fundamental value. Be like, our country Hong Kong analysed a paper one piece about the case of illness of SARS 2003, reported 138 erupt clinical expression, lab examines popular SARS patient and bosom influence learns a characteristic [4] , this is a seasonable excellent paper, can publish alive group top class clinical medicine magazine " magazine of new england medicine " on, also be the thing in reason.

Should admit, doctor of family of breath of the our country in going 10 years is in clinical research work spends time and energy are not much, although chose to diagnose and treat relevant research task, what also did not pay attention to scientific research design well is perfect, a lot of link still stay in the summary of experience sex. Originally very substantial scientific research natural resources did not try scientificly to use however, many articles that write are very difficult withstand deliberate, this is worth us thoughtful.

How to make aggrandizement learning answers to accumulate when scientific research selection of subject, the task that oneself are interested in chooses in real work, the general principle that follows scientific research strictly [5] . Actually, want us to be willing only, the task that always has countless awaits us to consider. It is with pleurisy of n/med tuberculosis sex exemple, at present coriaceous to candy hormone treats thorax of n/med tuberculosis sex to accumulate the clinical value of fluid to still have a lot of controversy, did not reach consensus up to now, the experience that each unit him basis basically is in clinical work decides to whether be used. We can be designed completely those who comfort an agent to contrast is a large-scale much center, random, double blind, parallel, clinical research will discuss this serious problem, because we are had by tens of thousands patient of pleurisy of n/med tuberculosis sex can offer research. Again for example, seldom see domestic and internationally at present clinical and random contrast the experiment research some is planted the treatment that refuses n/med tuberculosis plan to suit to be used at pleurisy of n/med tuberculosis sex more, the transplanting of clinical research result from phthisical disease comes over the program that is used at cure of pleurisy of n/med tuberculosis sex at present. These problems have very large space to choose proper scientific research task for us. Want us to use reasonable scientific research to design a line only, ground of the be practical and realistic in the job collects observation data, can sum up a very significant clinical research paper finally, publish on medical magazine of Gao Shuiping.

" magazine " all through the ages is level of learning of domain of medicine of our country breath the highest, professional periodical that has authority most, the newest trends that publishs paper is representing our country to breathe medicine to consider and top level, doctor of broad breath family also because can be in " magazine " the joyance that publish research positive result and feels from the bottom of one‘s heart and proud. What must point out is, although be the academic magazine that this everybody loves sincerely, the paper that its publish still has a lot of places that deserve deliberate. We think, want to improve the quality of the paper, only support " magazine " the effort of itself is far insufficient, mainer job leaves doctor of broad breath family to be finished in real work even, should pay attention to the scientific research task with right choice particularly, perfect scientific research design, normative trial measure, of the regular be practical and realistic according to itself of scientific research job begin research work, such ability draw up the scientific research paper of high quality.

Bibliographical reference

1.Qin XJ, shi HZ, huang ZX, et Al. Interleukin-16 In Tuberculousand Malignant Pleural Effusions. Eur Respir J, 2005; 25:605-611.

2.Maskell NA, davies CW, nunn AJ, et Al. U.K. Controlled Trial Ofintrapleural Streptokinase For Pleural Infection. N Engl J Med.2005, 352: 865-874.

3.Tokuda Y, matsushima D, stein GH, et Al. Intrapleuralfibrinolytic Agents For Empyema And Complicated Parapneumoniceffusions: A Meta-analysis. Chest 2006; 129: 783-790.

4.Lee N, hui D, wu A, et Al. A Major Outbreak Of Severe Acuterespiratory Syndrome In Hong Kong. N Engl J Med. 2003, 348:1986-1994.

5.Shi Huanzhong. Take learning seriously to accumulate, raise level of clinical scientific research. China n/med tuberculosis and breathing magazine, 2007, 30: 637-637.